9 Temmuz 2012 Pazartesi

Rihanna Hospitalized with The Flu

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Healthy, young and famous are not characteristics that deter the flu virus. Rihanna was hospitalized after contracting the flu earlier this week despite being in her early twenties. Catching the flu has already cost Rihanna time and a lot of money. Rihanna was forced to cancel her show in Malmo Sweden on Monday and another show in Stockholm, Sweden last night (Wednesday). Because of these cancellations this bout of the flu has already cost Rihanna more than $800,000. Rihanna released this statement on Monday:

"I am sorry to everyone who was coming out to my show in Malmo, Sweden. I was so excited to perform for you all. It would have been a great time ... so much better than being sick with the flu, ugh! I'm really disappointed I couldn't be there," Rihanna said.

Most healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms even develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick. Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes. All this can be prevented with a single flu shot.  You can learn more about the flu from Passport Health.

Protect yourself. Call 888-499-7277 to get your flu shot today.

Dangerous Varicella (Chickenpox) Lollipops

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A new and dangerous practice has emerged: parents who fear the chickenpox vaccine can try to infect their kids the “natural” way by sending off for mail-order lollipops licked by kids who have the disease. This is a very deceiving concept for a couple different reasons; getting the chickenpox vaccine is actually much safer than getting the chickenpox disease and the disease is spread through sneezing, coughing and breathing, not oral secretions. There are many other diseases spread through saliva you would not want to subject your children to, influenza, viral meningitis and hepatitis are a few.

Chickenpox is generally mild however severe complications, including, bacterial infection of the skin, swelling of the brain, and pneumonia, can arise in some people. Because chickenpox is a herpes virus, infection is life-long. This means that a person who has had the chickenpox is likely to contract a painful rash called shingles years later. The chickenpox vaccine keeps kids from getting the chickenpox virus. There a lower risk for complications and contracting shingles later in life for people who have been vaccinated for chickenpox as opposed to people who have had the chickenpox disease. Before the vaccine about 100 people died annually as a result of the chickenpox in the United States. Now, with the vaccine, the number of people that die annually from chickenpox is about 20.

Please visit our chickenpox page to learn more about this highly contagious disease.

Call Passport Health 1-888-499-PASS (7277) to schedule an appointment to protect you and your loved ones against chickenpox today.

Let's Go to Nepal

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The Democratic Republic of Nepal is a landlocked state in South Asia that is known for its rich geography and holds 8 of the world's 10 tallest mountains- including Mount Everest, the highest place on earth.

If you are an adventure traveler then Nepal is your destination! Nepal is an extremely diverse country with a wide variety of activities to suit every traveler. Other than the majestic Himalayan mountain ranges, Nepal holds the Mid-Hills of rolling green terraced paddies and lush forests, and the jungles and plains of the hot and dusty Terai. Throughout all this, there are the white waters of Nepal's many rivers that race down from the Himalayas.

A few quick facts about Nepal:

-The Climate: Nepal's climate ranges from the steamy humid jungle to the freezing mountains and everywhere in between. FromOctober to February, woolen sweaters and jackets arenecessary. Short or long sleeved shirts are good from March through May. FromJune to September, light and loose garments are advisable.

-The Currency of Nepal is Nepalese Rupee, denoted by the ISO code NPR. It is abbreviated as Rp.  Check current exchange rates.

-The Language: Nepali is the official language of Nepal; it is derived from Sanskrit and was formerly known as Khaskura.  Useful phrases in Nepali.

Though Nepal is a developing country it is rich in culture and relies on tourism to bring in wealth and awareness of the beauty that Nepal has to offer the world.  Stay tuned for the rest of the month as we highlight some of the fantastic experiences that Nepal has to offer.

Visit Nepal - Chitwan National Park

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When one thinks of Nepal, trekking the Himalayas is the first thing that comes to mind. However Nepal is an incredibly diverse country that offers so much more. One of the most popular tourist destinations in Nepal is the Royal Chitwan National Park.

Located in the south central region of Nepal, in the Terai. These southern plains are less than 100m above sea level. The best time to visit the park is after monsoon season when temperatures are cooler and vegetation is lush from all the rain; that time is now through about February.


Several lodges inside the Park offering full board and accommodations in combination with different types of tours make it easy for travelers to experience the beauty of the park first hand. When planning a visit to Chitwan, try to give yourself enough time for several safaris, as wildlife is unpredictable and there are many types of safaris you can enjoy.

Jungle walks/Elephant Tours: Leisurely guided tours by foot or atop an elephant give you an optimal way to see animals in their natural habitat. There is a good chance of seeing animals such as, the endangered one-horned Rhino, honey badger, sloth bear and many species of deer on this type of tour because they prefer to live in less disturbed areas. These types of tours are also great ways to explore the villages of the indigenous Tharu people and experience local culture first hand.

Jeep safaris: A jeep drive is the fastest way to visit a wide area of the park and offers a good chance of seeing big game such as Bengal Tigers, Leopards and Gaurs.
Canoe trips: Floating down the many rivers inside Chitwan National Park is the best way to see crocodiles and the rare gangetic dolphins in their natural habitats. It is also a relaxing way to watch birds and wildlife species that frequently come to bathe and drink.

Bird watching tours: Chitwan National Park is known as a paradise for birds and birdwatchers alike because of the vast variety that make the park home. Chitwan Valley records over 450 species of birds. Many of the birds that live here are endangered or near endangered, including the spotted eagle, bengal florican and oriental darter.

 Stay tuned for more highlights of Nepal throughout the month.

It's Not Too Late To Vaccinate Against Influenza

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We are currently in the midst of National Influenza Week.  It's not too late to vaccinate!

It is important to vaccinate against the flu now if you haven't already.  Flu activity doesn’t usually peak until January or February in the United States and can last as late as May.  Please call Passport Health at 1-888-499-PASS to make an appointment in one of our convenient locations.

8 Temmuz 2012 Pazar

College of Medicine Welcomes Dr. Daniel Dees

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Dr. Daniel Dees was recently appointed assistant professor of neurology at the University of South Alabama College of Medicine.

Dr. Dees earned his medical degree from the USA College of Medicine in 2007. He conducted his internship in internal medicine at USA and conducted his residency in neurology at USA.

From 2010-2011, Dr. Dees served as chief resident of neurology at USA. He completed a one-year fellowship in movement disorders at the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta, Ga.

He is currently a member of the American Academy of Neurology, the Southern Pediatric Neurology Society, and the American Society of Neuroimaging.

Dr. Dees, who specializes in movement disorders, is now accepting new patients. For appointments, call (251) 660-5108.

Med School Café - Expert Advice for the Community

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This week, Dr. Frederick N. Meyer, professor and chair of orthopaedics at the USA College of Medicine, presented the June Med School Café lecture.

The lecture, “Nonsurgical Treatment for Dupuytren's Contracture,” had a total of 69 attendees.

During the talk, Dr. Meyer discussed Dupuytren’s disease, a relatively common syndrome that causes the tissues under the skin on the palm of the hand to thicken and shorten so that the fingers cannot straighten.

In February 2010 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved an injectable treatment for Dupuytren’s disease, and Dr. Meyer is the only physician in the area to offer the novel treatment.

The next Med School Café lecture will feature Dr. Juan G. Ochoa, associate professor of neurology at the USA College of Medicine. Dr. Ochoa will lecture on "Finding a Cure for Epilepsy." The event will take place July 18, 2012, at the Via! Health, Fitness & Enrichment Center in Mobile.

If you are interested in attending, email kepartridge@usouthal.edu for more details. To learn more about the lectures, click here.

Class of 2014 Medical Students Receive White Coats at Annual White Coat Ceremony

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The University of South Alabama College of Medicine held its annual White Coat Ceremony for the Class of 2014 at the USA Mitchell Center on June 23, 2012.

During the ceremony, rising third-year medical students were cloaked with their first white coats, the traditional dress of physicians for more than 100 years.

Sarah Bragg, a USA medical student who received her white coat at the ceremony, said the event marked the transition from the years of classroom learning to the years of hands-on learning.

“It marks the beginning of what most of us came to medical school to do – practice medicine,” Bragg said. “We have earned the privilege to wear these coats with hours of reading, dissecting, and memorizing. This is our ticket to ‘pass go’ and head on to the next step of our journey.”

The students will begin their clinical rotations and start interacting with patients on July 1.

"It is exciting and satisfying to have finished the first two years of medical school and to be getting ready to do what I have been thinking about and working toward for years,” said USA medical student Cara Stalzer, who is following her grandfather’s footsteps in her pursuit of medicine. “The ceremony signifies the most important beginning in my life so far and brings with it a great sense of anticipation for the future.”
For USA medical student Drew Meriwether, the ceremony is also a time to recognize family and friends for their support. “None of us could have gotten here alone,” he said. “Without my family, I wouldn’t be even close to reaching this point.”

Meriwether is not the first in his family to attend medical school. His cousin John Meriwether graduated from the USA College of Medicine in 2011. “He helped me build a good support system here,” Meriwether said.

Like many of her classmates, what brought Bragg to the medical field was her love of learning new things and her desire to interact with people. “My mother, Dottie, is a nurse, and I saw that in her work she had the opportunity to really affect people and make a difference in their day, their week, or even their lives,” Bragg said. “At that point, I knew that the field of medicine was for me.”

Bragg said she is thankful for getting insight into the medical field beginning at a young age and for the continuous encouragement from her parents. “Throughout my life, they taught me that I could achieve anything I really put my mind to,” she said. When her medical school acceptance letter came in the mail at 22 years old, Bragg “finally realized they were right.”

For students, the White Coat Ceremony also served as a reminder of the importance and responsibility they take by dedicating themselves to the care of patients.

“I went into medicine because, in addition to my love of learning, I also love talking to people about their lives and helping them fix or solve whatever is plaguing them,” Bragg said. “While the first two years of basic science are very important to lay down the knowledge required to practice medicine, the clinical aspect of medicine is what brought me to medical school.”

Dr. Johnson Haynes, professor of internal medicine and assistant dean for diversity and cultural competence at the USA College of Medicine, was the keynote speaker at the ceremony. During the ceremony, the students took the Medical Student Oath, a promise to uphold the human aspects of medicine, such as sensitivity, compassion and respect for patients.

To view all photos from the event, click here.

Alabama Regional Extension Center Represented at White House Town Hall Event

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The Alabama Regional Extension Center (AL-REC) was recently represented at “MUVers Meet and Greet” in Washington D.C. The event was sponsored by the White House and the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT.
Joni Wyatt, administrative director of system practice management at St. Vincent Health System, represented AL-REC as a member of the Meaningful Use Vanguard (MUV).

“Wyatt has been a leader in the adoption and meaningful use of healthcare information technology and has worked closely with the Alabama Regional Extension Center as her strategic partner,” said Dr. Deborah Lafky, assistant dean of the University of South Alabama College of Medicine and director of the Center for Strategic Health Innovation at USA.

Dr. Lafky said the event highlighted the excellent progress that has been made across the nation in electronic health record implementation. “We are very excited to have been included in this high-profile function,” Dr. Lafky said. “Wyatt was selected to attend because of her leadership both within her organization and by modeling EHR adoption to others in the community.”

The White House event featured a live address from Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, National Coordinator Dr. Farzad Mostashari and program leader Mat Kendall.

The event included a discussion on how health information technology can help improve care quality and patient health. Attendees participated in a full day of interactive sessions where they exchanged ideas on establishing the Meaningful Use of Electronic Health Records in their practice communities.

For more information on the Alabama Regional Extension Center, visit http://www.al-rec.org/.

College of Medicine Welcomes Dr. Gerald Liu

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Dr. Gerald Liu was recently appointed assistant professor of family medicine at the University of South Alabama College of Medicine.

Dr. Liu earned his medical degree from Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans in 2008. From 2008-2009, he was a resident in the surgery residency program at William Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, Mich. Dr. Liu conducted a residency in family medicine at USA, where he also served as chief resident of family medicine from 2011-2012.

Dr. Liu is a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians.

He is now accepting new patients. For appointments, call (251) 434-3475.

7 Temmuz 2012 Cumartesi

Vitamin D's Potential to Reduce the Risk of Hospital-Acquired Infections

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A paper recently published in Dermato-Endocrinology [Youssef et al., 2012] indicates that raising vitamin D concentrations among hospital patients has the potential to greatly reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections. Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of death in the US health care arena, with an overall estimated annual incidence of 1.7 million cases and 100,000 deaths. HAIs in US hospitals generate an estimated $28.4 billion–$45 billion in excess health care costs annually. Patients are often vitamin D deficient since many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory infections are linked to low vitamin D concentrations.

Pneumonia is the most likely HAI, followed by bacteremias, urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, sepsis, and others.

Vitamin D plays an important antimicrobial role. Among the antimicrobial actions are reducing local and systemic inflammatory responses as a result of modulating cytokine responses and reducing Toll-like receptor activation and stimulating the expression of potent antimicrobial peptides, such as cathelicidin and _-defensin 2. Cathelicidins are a family of peptides thought to provide an innate defensive barrier against a variety of potential microbial pathogens, such as gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria, at multiple entry sites, including skin and mucosal linings of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, as well as some viruses.

One of the advantages of vitamin D in combating HAIs is that it strengthens the innate immune response, thus overcoming the antibiotic resistance of many bacteria encountered in hospitals.

Optimal vitamin D concentrations are at least 30-40 ng/ml (75-100 nmol/l). The average white American has a concentration of 26 ng/ml, while the average African-American has only 16 ng/ml. Vitamin D concentrations have fallen in the past 20 years, in part due to spending less time out-of-doors. About half of those admitted to hospitals have concentrations below 20 ng/ml, thus making them more susceptible to HAIs. Raising vitamin D concentrations would reduce the rate of diseases such as many types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, hip fractures, and respiratory infections, thereby reducing the rate of hospital admissions as well as HAIs once admitted.

In an accompanying editorial, David McCarthy, M.D. outlined what hospitals could do to overcome vitamin D deficiency among hospital patients. Among these recommendations is making high-dose vitamin D3 (5,000 and 50,000 IU) capsules available to the patients.

Vaccines & Liberty: Let Freedom Ring

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by Barbara Loe Fisher
My country, ’tis of thee,
Sweet land of liberty,
Of thee I sing:
Land where my fathers died,
Land of the pilgrims’ pride,
From every mountain side,
Let freedom ring.[1]
What is liberty?
Webster’s Dictionary defines Liberty as “the quality or state of being free,” which means:[2]
  • “Freedom from physical restraint;”
  • “Freedom from arbitrary or despotic control;”
  • “The positive enjoyment of various social, political or economic rights and privileges;” and
  • “The power of choice.”
What is tyranny?
Tyranny is defined as “oppressive power” and “especially, oppressive power exerted by government;”[3]
  • “The office, authority and administration of a tyrant;”
  • “A rigorous condition imposed by some outside agency or force;” or
  • “An oppressive, harsh or unjust act.”
The courageous men and women, who founded the United States of America and declared independence from tyranny on July 4, 1776, were escaping from the oppression of iron-fisted monarchies. They risked their lives to establish a nation that celebrates liberty, where citizens would be free from persecution for their religious beliefs and would not be under the thumb of an elitist aristocracy.
In the first sentence of the U.S. Constitution, the founders of our nation pledged “to establish justice” and “to secure the Blessings of Liberty” for all citizens.[4] If democracy is government by the people through elected representatives and majority rule, liberty is defined in the Declaration of Independence5] and the U.S. Constitution as a natural right belonging to everyone that should never be taken away by the majority.
Natural rights, which are known today as human or moral rights, are individual liberties that belong to all humans no matter where they live.[6] The right to privacy and free expression in speech and press were defined in the Bill of Rights[7] as individual liberties, which limit the power of government and prevent abuse of individuals and minorities.
Today, there is no greater threat to liberty in America than the government enforced use of pharmaceutical products, such as vaccines, sold by corporations for profit that can both harm individuals8], 9] and can fail to work at all.[10], [11] Our natural right to “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness” is being violated when government health officials enlist doctors and politicians to track down and coerce us into injecting ourselves and our children with biological products that carry significant health risks for some without our voluntary, informed consent.12], [13]

When Americans are threatened with loss of economic and societal privileges, such as being denied a public education, denied medical care, denied health insurance and denied the right to hold a job if we don’t get every dose of every government mandated vaccine, there is no other word for this but tyranny.14], [15]

The “community immunity” club being used today to take away civil liberties in the name of the greater good, conveniently fails to make a distinction between diseases. Hepatitis B is not polio and chickenpox is not smallpox but vaccine laws requiring mass use of dozens of doses of new vaccines treat all infectious diseases and vaccines the same way.
The large gaps in scientific knowledge about the damage that repeated vaccination from day of birth throughout life could be doing to our brains and immune systems has turned current vaccine laws into a forced, uncontrolled scientific experiment on the American population.[16], [17], [18]

The fact that some of us are at greater risk for having our health crippled or losing our lives to vaccines because of genetic and biological risk factors we inherited makes one-size-fits-all vaccine laws “cruel and inhuman in the last degree.”[19]

The fact that government operated electronic vaccine tracking systems are collecting medical data on us and sharing it with industry and vaccine developers without our informed consent, is a violation of our privacy.[20]

The fact that scores of new genetically engineered vaccines are being brought to market[21], 22],23], [24] by a wealthy pharmaceutical industry[25] shielded from civil liability[26] is a corporate stockholder's dream and a health care consumer’s worst nightmare.
The founders of our country could not have imagined this day would come in America when violation of the most important liberty, the right to self determination and the freedom to choose what we are willing to risk our lives or our children’s lives for, would be taken away from us.
For if the State can tag, track down and force individuals to be injected with biologicals of known and unknown toxicity today, there will be no limit on which individual freedoms the State can take away in the name of the greater good tomorrow.
Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence said “All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent.”[27]

Albert Einstein, one of the world’s greatest scientists, echoed Jefferson’s defense of individual liberty, urging us to “Never do anything against conscience, even if the state demands it.”[28] A philosopher and humanitarian, Einstein insightfully observed that “Force always attracts men of low morality.”29]
On this July 4th, I am celebrating the spirit, courage and common sense of the authors of the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution. They knew that individual liberties were the heart and soul of a democracy because individual liberties protect the people from governmental abuse of power.
Are you ready to stand up for the right to follow your conscience and choose the kind of preventive health options you want for yourself and your children, including the freedom to choose to use every government recommended vaccine, some vaccines, or no vaccines at all?
Sign up for NVIC’s free Advocacy Portal at www.NVICAdvocacy.org and learn how you can protect health liberty in your state. Become a donor supporter of NVIC and protect the human rights of all Americans. [30]
References:

[1] My Country, Tis’ of Thee. Song sheet. (Author: Samuel Francis Smith, July 1831). Duke University Library Collection.[2] Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Definition of Liberty. [3] Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Definition of Tyranny. [4] United States Constitution. September 17, 1787. U.S. National Archives.[5] The Declaration of Independence. July 4, 1776. U.S. National Archives.[6] Fagan A. Human Rights. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. July 5, 2005.[7] The Bill of Rights. March 4, 1789. Ratified as Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, December 15, 1791. U.S. National Archives. [8] Coulter HL, Fisher BL. DPT: A Shot in the Dark. 1985: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.[9] Health Resources Services Administration (HRSA), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Vaccine Injury Compensation Program Statistics Report.[10] Crowe K. CDC to Announce Preliminary Findings on California Whooping Cough Epidemic. Watchdog Institute. March 27, 2011. [11] WABC-TV (NY). Whooping Cough Outbreak on Long Island. June 22, 2011.[12] Fisher BL. Washington & New Jersey Families Stand Up for Vaccine Choices. NVIC. March 23, 2011.[13] NVIC. Cry for Vaccine Freedom Wall. Public reports of harassment by medical personnel for attempting to make informed, voluntary decisions about vaccination. [14] CNN. Vaccinations… or Jail: County’s Threat to Parents. November 15, 2007. [15] Fisher BL. Forcing Flu Shots on Health Care Workers: Who Is Next? NVIC. September 29, 2010.[16] Fisher BL. Vaccines, Autism & Chronic Inflammation: The New Epidemic. Autism File. 2009.[17] Fisher BL, Wrangham TK. NVIC Comments on Draft Recommendations on the Federal Vaccine Safety System. National Vaccine Advisory Committee. June 6, 2011. [18] Fisher BL. In Memoriam: Infant Deaths & Vaccination. NVIC. May 24, 2011. [19] Jacobsen v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11(1905). LSU Law Center. See # [84]. [20] Fisher BL. The National Electronic Vaccine Tracking Registry: How the Plan to Force Vaccination Gave Birth to the National ID, A Government Health Records Database, and the End of Medical Privacy. July 1999.[21] Kinman TG. Risks connected with the use of conventional and genetically engineered vaccines. Vet Q. 1992; 14(3): 110-8. [22] Frey J. Biological safety concepts of genetically modified live bacterial vaccines. Vaccine 2007 Jul 26; 25(30): 5598-605. [23] Science Daily. New Nanoparticle Vaccine Is Both More Effective and Less Expensive. September 20, 2007.[24] U.S. National Institutes of Health. Vaccine Clinical Trials. [25] Healthcare Finance. Global Vaccine Market Now Exceeds $20B. August 13, 2010.[26] NVIC. Press Release: NVIC Cites “Betrayal of Consumers by U.S. Supreme Court Decision Giving Total Liability Shield to Big Pharma. February 23, 2011.[27] American History Central, Encyclopedia of American History. Thomas Jefferson [28] Brainy Quote. Albert Einstein.[29] Brainy Quote. Albert Einstein.[30] Support NVIC: Stand Up and Be Counted. Click here to make a donation.
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What You Should Know About Meningococcal Disease & The Vaccine

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by Barbara Loe Fisher
Today, pediatricians give American babies as many as 33 doses of 13 different vaccines by 12 months of age.1, 2 Now, federal public health officials are considering recommending that doctors give four more doses of a new vaccine – meningococcal vaccine – to babies between two and 12 months old3,4 in addition to the two doses children already get at 11 and 16 years old.5

There are big questions about the necessity, effectiveness, safety and cost of this new proposed change to the child vaccination schedule.
Meningococcal Disease Rare in the U.S.
Invasive Neisseria meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection that involves inflammation of the meninges of the brain and can lead to a serious blood infection. It is very rare in the United States. In our population of 308 million, there are between 1400 and 3000 cases every year that fluctuate with natural cycles.6 Between 10 and 15% of the cases are fatal with another 10 to 20% ending with brain damage or loss of limbs.
Children Under Age Two Less Likely To Die
It is estimated that, annually, there are between 150 and 300 meningococcal deaths in the U.S.,7 with an average of 16 babies under age 12 months dying from the disease8 Children under age two are less likely to die from meningococcal infection compared to older age groups.9
Incidence in U.S. Has Decreased to Historic Lows
The good news is that the incidence of the disease has decreased more than 60 percent between 1998 and 2007 to less than 1 case in 100,000 people, which is an historic low in the U.S.10 To put this death rate into context, there are three times as many Americans, who die from heat stroke11 or drown in boating accidents12 every year than die from invasive meningococcal disease.
Maternal Antibodies, Natural Immunity Protects Majority
That is because mothers, who have innate immunity, transfer maternal antibodies to their newborns to protect them in the first few months of life until babies can make their own antibodies.13 At any given time up 20 to 40 percent of us are asymptomatically colonizing meningococcal organisms in our nasal passages and throats, which throughout life boosts our innate immunity to invasive bacterial infection.14, 15 By the time American children enter adolescence, the vast majority have asymptomatically developed immunity that protects them, which is how our population maintains naturally acquired herd immunity and why cases of invasive disease are so rare in all age groups.
Genetically Vulnerable At High Risk for Disease
However, a tiny minority of individuals have genetic variations and other unknown biological factors that prevent them from naturally developing protective circulating antibodies.16 These are the individuals, tragically, who are up to 7,000 times more likely to get severe invasive meningococcal disease at some point in their lives.17 Clearly, there must be greater attention paid to developing screening techniques to identify those high-risk individuals and help them avoid a potentially fatal or crippling meningococcal infection.
Environmental High Risk Factors
In addition to genetic factors that place some people at higher risk, there are other biological and environmental factors that make people more susceptible. These include smoking or living in a home where people smoke; a recent respiratory infection; crowded living conditions, such as in military and prisons settings; alcohol use; and an underlying chronic illness, especially immune deficiencies such as lupus or HIV/AIDS.18, 19
Constant, Close Personal Contact Required
It is not easy to develop invasive meningococcal disease.20 You have to be susceptible and have regular close personal contact, such as sharing a toothbrush with or kissing person, who is colonizing meningococcal organisms.
Know Symptoms, Get Immediate Medical Care
Symptoms of meningococcal disease include fever; severe headache; painful, stiff neck; nausea and vomiting; inability to look at bright lights; mental confusion and irritability; extreme fatigue/sleepiness; convulsions and unconsciousness.
In babies, signs of “irritability” can include persistent crying or high pitched screaming with arching of the back, which are symptoms of encephalitis or brain inflammation that can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection or a vaccine reaction.21 These are danger signs and it is very important to seek immediate medical attention and treatment to help prevent permanent injury or death.
Vaccine Has Only 4 Strains
In 2000, the CDC recommended that all college freshmen get a dose of meningococcal vaccine containing four strains (A, C, W-35, Y)22 and, in 2005, that policy was expanded to include all 11 year olds.23 There is one problem: the vaccine does not contain strain B, which is the strain associated with more than 50 percent of meningococcal cases and deaths,24 especially in children under five years old.25
Vaccine Effectiveness Does Not Last, Need Booster
There is another problem: The vaccine has been found to be, at best, only about 58 percent effective within two to five years after adolescents have gotten the shot.26, 27 So, in 2011, when public health officials realized that one dose of meningococcal vaccine did not last, they said that all 16 year olds should get a booster dose.
Vaccine Costs $90 Or More Per Dose
There is another problem: one dose of meningococcal vaccine costs about $9028 or more. The health care price tag to give four doses of meningococcal vaccine to all four million babies born every year in the U.S. costs a whopping $1.4 billion dollars per year. Plus two more doses for all 11 and 16 year olds adds on another nearly $1 billion dollars.
Vaccine Reactions Add to Vaccine Cost
There is another problem. The health care cost to the American taxpayer does not end with the outlay of cash to pay for 6 doses of the vaccine for every child. What about the unacknowledged health care costs to treat the children, who suffer a vaccine reaction that leads to a trip to the ER or hospitalization or permanent brain and immune system problems?
Vaccine Reaction Injuries & Deaths Reported
The manufacturer product inserts for meningococcal vaccine list the following adverse events reported during clinical trials or post licensure: irritability, abnormal crying, fever, drowsiness, fatigue, injection site pain and swelling, sudden loss of consciousness (syncope), diarrhea, headache, joint pain, Guillain Barre Syndrome, brain inflammation, convulsions, and facial palsy.29, 30, 31
The federal Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), which includes only a small fraction of the health problems that occur after vaccination in the U.S.,32, 33 has recorded more than 2,000 serious health problems, hospitalizations and injuries following meningococcal shots, including 33 deaths with half of the deaths occurring in children under age six.34

Limited or No Data on Giving Vaccine With Other Vaccines
There is very limited or no data on the safety and effectiveness of giving meningococcal vaccines with other vaccines at the same time.35 In 2007, the National Vaccine Information Center reported an increase in serious adverse event reports to VAERS when meningococcal vaccine was given simultaneously with HPV vaccine to young girls.36, 37

States & Colleges Already Mandated Vaccine to Attend School
Ten states have already made meningococcal shots mandatory to attend junior high school and 32 states require the shot for college freshman.38, 39 If the CDC recommends all babies and children get an additional four meningococcal shots, drug companies and medical organizations financially connected to the pharmaceutical industry40 will certainly lobby state legislatures to legally require the vaccine for all children attending day care centers and schools.
Are Vaccine Companies Pressuring Government?
Question: Why is the government bowing to pressure from drug companies to recommend and mandate that all American babies get four doses of a very expensive meningococcal vaccine that has big problems with effectiveness, especially when naturally acquired herd immunity is already doing such a good job of controlling the disease in the U.S.?
Trading Natural Herd Immunity for Temporary Vaccine Immunity
By mandating that every American use meningococcal vaccine from infancy, we will be trading the natural herd immunity our population has achieved for inferior vaccine acquired immunity that does not last. That will make our population vaccine dependent, which is great news for drug company stockholders, but will it be bad news for our health and the environment?
Creating a Nightmare Scenario?
Like with excessive antibiotic use,41, 42 we just might be creating a nightmare scenario for meningococcal organisms to mutate into more lethal vaccine resistant bugs43, 44, 45 that will have all of us highly susceptible to invasive meningococcal infection and wishing we had taken the precautionary principle46 much more seriously.
Bottom line: Meningococcal vaccine is available and can be used by anyone who wants to use it, but there is no reason for government to recommend and schools to mandate the shots for everyone.
Learn More About Disease & Vaccine
Learn more about meningococcal disease and the vaccine at www.NVIC.org and find out what you can do to protect your right to make informed, voluntary vaccine choices in America.

References:

[1] Centers for Disease Control. Recommended Immunization Schedule for Persons 0 through 6 Years. United States. 2011.
[2] NVIC. 49 Doses of 14 Vaccines By Age 6?
[3] Lakely J. Health Care Reporters: CDC to Pull Plug on Meningitis Vaccine Over Cost? The Heartland Institute. May 24, 2011.
[4] Ostrom CM. The Seattle Times. Meningitis Vaccine Debated at CDC Forum. July 13, 2011.
[5] Centers for Disease Control. Recommended Immunization Schedule for Persons 7 Through 18 years – United States. 2011.
[6] AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases. Prevention and Control of Meningococcal Disease: Recommendations for Use of Meningococcal Vaccines in Pediatric Patients. Pediatrics August 1, 2005; 116(2): 495-505.
[7] American College Health Association. Press Release: ACHA Issues New Meningococcal Disease Immunization Recommendations for First Year Students Living in Residence Halls. March 17, 2005.
[8] Cohn A. Meningococcal Disease in Infants and Considerations for use of Conjugate Vaccines. Presentation at the CDC Public Engagement Stakeholders Meeting, Washington, D.C.. May 25, 2011. Slide: Average Annual Deaths and Case-Fatality Ratios by Serogroup and Age, 2001-2010.
[9] Cohn A. Epidemiology of Meningococcal Disease in the U.S. Presentation to the FDA Vaccines & Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC). Transcript of April 6, 2011 Meeting. Pages 50-52.
[10] Cohn AC, MacNeil JR, Harrison LH et al. Changes in Neisseria meningitides Disease Epidemiology in the United States, 1998-2007: Implications for Prevention of Meningococcal Disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases January 15, 2010; 50(2): 184-191.
[11] CDC. Heat-Related Deaths – United States, 1999-2003. MMWR July 28, 2006; 55(29): 796-798.
[12] CDC. Stay Safe While Boating: Know the Facts. May 23, 2011.
[13] FDA. Vaccines & Related Biological Products Advisory Committee. FDA Briefing Document: Use of Serum Bactericidal Antibody As an Immunological Correlate for Demonstration of Effectiveness of Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines (Serogroup A, C, Y, W-135) Administered to Children Less than 2 Years of Age. April 6, 2011. Pages 3-4.
[14] Tan L KK, Cadone GM, Borrow R. Advances in the development of vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis. NEJM April 22, 2010; 362(16): 1511-1520.
[15] Manchanda V. Gupta S., Bhalla P. Meningococcal Disease: History, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Antiomicrobial Susceptibility and Prevention. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2006; 24(1): 7-19.
[16] Bille E, Ure R et al. Association of Bacteriophage with Meningococcal Disease in Young Adults. PLOS One 2008; 3(12): e3885.
[17] See Reference # 13.
[18] CDC. Prevention & Control of Meningococcal Disease - Recommendations of ACIP. MMWR May 27, 2005; 50(RR07): 1-21.
[19] See References #10 & 15.
[20] CDC. Meningitis Questions & Answers.
[21] NIH. Encephalitis. PubMed July 26, 2010.
[22] CDC.Meningococcal Disease and College Students. MMWR June 30, 2000; 48(RR07): 11-20.
[23] See Reference #18.
[24] Granoff DM. Review of Meningococcal Group B Vaccines. Clinical Infectious Diseases2010; 50(Supplement 2): 554-565.
[25] See Reference #9. Page 50.[26] CDC. Updated Recommendations for Use of Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines – ACIP, 2010. JAMA2011; 305(13): 1291-1293.
[27] See Reference # 9. Pages 55-59.[28] Tucker M. A Difficult Vaccine Decision. EGMN Notes from the Road. November 2, 2010.[29] Sanofi-Pasteur. Menactra Product Information Insert. April 22, 2011.[30] Novartis. Menveo Product Manufacturer Insert. March 2011.[31] Sanofi Pasteur. Menommune Product Manufacturer Insert. January 2009.[32] Braun M. Vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS): usefulness and limitations.Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
[33] Rosenthanl S, Chen R. The reporting sensitivities of two passive surveillance systems for vaccine adverse events. Am J Public Health 1995; 85: pp. 1706-9.[34] VAERS. MedAlerts database. Reports of health problems, hospitalizations, injuries and deaths following receipt of meningococcal vaccine.[35] See References #27-29.[36] NVIC. Press Release: Analysis Shows Greater Risk of GBS Reports When HPV Vaccine Is Given with Meningococcal and Other Vaccines. August 15, 2007.[37] Debold V, Downey C, Fisher BL. Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Safety Analysis of Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System Reports (VAERS): Part III. NVIC August 15, 2007; Adverse Events & Co-Administration of Vaccines: Pages 15-27.[38] Immunization Action Coalition. Meningococcal Vaccine Mandates for Elementary and High Schools. June 2, 2011.
[39] Immunization Action Coalition. Meningococcal Vaccine Mandates for Colleges & Universities. June 2, 2011.[40] Fisher BL. Doctors Denying Vaccine Risks: An American Tragedy. NVIC. April 21, 2011.[41] FDA. Antimicrobial Resistance. June 30, 2011.[42] Miller T. Spread of Antibiotic-Resistant ‘Superbugs’ Raises Global Concerns. PBS NewsHour. August 12, 2010.[43] Brueggemann AB, Pai R et al. Vaccine Escape Recombinants Emerge After Pneumococcal Vaccination in the United States. PLOS PathogensNovember 2007; 3(11): e16B.[44] Millar EV, Pimenta FC et al. Pre-and Post-Conjugate Vaccine Epidemiology of Pneumococcal Serotype 6C Invasive Disease and Carriage Within Navajo and White Mountain Apache Communities. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010; 51(11): 1258-1265.[45] van Gils EJM, Hak E et al. Effect of Seven-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in a Randomized Controlled Trial. PLOS One June 10, 2011; 6(6):e20229.[46] Science & Environmental Health Network (SEHN). The Wingspread Statement on the Precautionary Principle. January 1998.
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The Health Liberty Revolution & Forced Vaccination

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“America will never be destroyed from the outside. If we falter and lose our freedoms, it will be because we destroyed ourselves.” – Abraham Lincoln
by Barbara Loe Fisher
In America today, there is an unprecedented assault on the human right to exercise informed consent to medical risk-taking. It is being led by one of the most powerful and wealthy corporate empires in the world: the global pharmaceutical industry.
What is at stake for Big Pharma is a one trillion dollar market for prescription drugs and vaccines.[1] What is at stake for the American people is our health and our liberty.
Pharma’s Lucrative Monopoly on U.S. Health Care
For more than a century, pharmaceutical corporations have created a lucrative monopoly on health care in America. They have done this by forging an alliance with a select group of medical doctors and scientists inside and outside of government, who develop and promote widespread drug and vaccine use. Doctors in private practice, who are encouraged to deliver drugs and vaccines to the people, have become - perhapwithout even realizing it - de facto drug company sales reps.[2]
Americans Consume 40% of All Pharmaceuticals Sold
Americans, who represent about 5 percent of the world’s population,[3] [4] are the most highly vaccinated[5] [6] and drugged population on the planet.[7] [8] We consume nearly 40 percent of all pharmaceutical products sold.[9] In 2009, doctors ordered 4 billion prescriptions for Americans,[10] which is one big reason why annual health care costs are nearly $3 trillion dollars in the U.S.[11] Half of all Americans, including 25 percent of our children take one or more prescription drugs.[12]
Today American Children Get 3 Times As Many Vaccinations
Today, our children are being given three times as many vaccinations as they got in the early 1980’s. [13] [14] [15] Three times as many vaccinations means three times as much profit for drug companies and doctors selling vaccines.
The base cost for a child to get every government recommended vaccine in a private pediatrician’s office has increased from $80 per child in 1986[16] to a whopping $2200 per child in 2011,[17] and that doesn’t include physician office administration fees. The federal government now spends nearly $4 billion dollars per year to purchase vaccines for public health clinics,[18] where half of America’s children are vaccinated.
Pharma Growing $36 Billion Vaccine Market
It is no surprise that vaccine development is one of the fastest growing sectors in the pharmaceutical industry.[19] By 2013, Pharma will enjoy a $36 billion dollar vaccine market.[20]
Eight Big Drug Corporations Selling Vaccines Get Total Liability Shield
In 1986, there were three major drug corporations selling vaccines in the U.S. (Merck, Lederle, Connaught) and now there are eight (Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Astra Zeneca, CSL Biotherapies, Emergent BioSolutions). That is because, in 1986, Pharma blackmailed Congress into giving them partial liability protection from vaccine injury lawsuits[21]by suggesting they would have to abandon the U.S. childhood vaccine market without a liability shield.
In February of this year, drug companies got what they wanted all along: the U.S. Supreme Court gave Pharma total immunity from lawsuits – even if they could have made a vaccine less harmful. [22] [23] Vaccines, said the Court, are “unavoidably unsafe.”
So if your child is brain injured by a vaccine that you may not have wanted your child to get in the first place, all you can do is file a claim in the federal vaccine injury compensation program. Even though the program has awarded more than $2 billion dollars to vaccine victims, two out of three plaintiffs are turned away empty handed.[24]
No Liability, No Accountability, No Checks & Balances on Vaccine Safety
With no liability or accountability for those making, licensing, selling and giving vaccines in America, there are no checks and balances to ensure that vaccines are safe and effective. Doctors, who have been taught to believe that infectious microorganisms should be eradicated from the earth with the mandatory use of multiple vaccines, are as ripe for exploitation as the people they vaccinate.
Big Pharma Does Not Want You to Have Vaccine Freedom of Choice
The only barrier left to unlimited vaccine profit-making is the freedom for Americans to choose whether or not to use every new vaccine Pharma creates and wants mandated. Freedom of choice is something Big Pharma and the medical lobby does not want you to have.
They know that many educated consumers in America and around the world are dissatisfied with the old pharmaceutical-based health care paradigm.[25] [26] [27] They know that 63% of all Americans, including 76% of health care workers, are empowering themselves with information and choosing less toxic, less expensive, more naturally effective ways to achieve and maintain health.[28]
Today, millions of Americans are choosing to buy and eat organic[29] [30] and avoid genetically modified foods.[31] [32] We are choosing to buy and drink pure water with no chemicals in it. [33] We are choosing mercury-free dental fillings.[34] We are choosing exercise and meditation. We are choosing drug free, hospital free births[35] and breastfeeding. We are throwing away the bottles of prescription drugs in our medicine cabinet and choosing to get advice from holistic health professionals offering less toxic alternatives to stay well like acupuncture, chiropractic, homeopathy, and naturopathy.[36]
And we are questioning why we and our children should be required to get a long list of expensive vaccines that carry serious risks[37] and sometimes don’t work at all.[38]
This is a health liberty revolution and Pharma knows it.
So Pharma is funding medical organizations profiting from mass vaccination policies[39] to press politicians into quickly passing laws that force Americans to buy and use dozens of doses of vaccines. [40] The goal is to demand that everyone salute smartly and obey doctors’ orders to get vaccinated or be barred from getting an education,[41] health insurance,[42] medical care[43] [44] or a job. [45] The goal is to, in effect, brand unvaccinated citizens as enemies of the state,[46] [47] so they can be fined or imprisoned.
Can this really be happening in America? Yes, it can.
Doctors Threatening People & Taking Away Vaccine Exemptions
In 2007, we witnessed physician public health officials summon nearly 1,000 parents with their children to a Maryland courthouse policed by armed guards and dogs to show proof the children had gotten chickenpox and hepatitis b shots.[48] Parents were threatened with stiff fines and jail time if they did not comply.
Last spring in Washington state, medical organizations joined with Pharma lobbyists to pressure politicians to pass a law that requires parents to get the signature of a medical doctor or designated medical worker for a child to receive a non-medical exemption to vaccination.[49] What this means is that some citizens in society, who have M.D. or certain other medical initials written after their names, now have the power in Washington state to pass judgment on the conscientious or spiritually held beliefs of fellow citizens. It gives some citizens, who may be ideologically opposed to the informed consent ethic,[50] a green light to threaten and coerce other citizens into violating their conscience and personal beliefs.[51]
This expanded authority is added to the authority that medical doctors have had for a long time, which includes the power to refuse to grant a child a medical exemption to vaccination[52] [53] [54] [55] - even when the child has suffered a sudden and serious decline in health following previous vaccinations and could be more seriously harmed if additional vaccines are given.[56]
Colorado & California Citizens Losing Vaccine Choices
Right now, drug company and medical lobbyists are trying to put further legal restrictions on vaccine exemptions in Colorado [57]and other states.[58] In cash-strapped California, the Pharma-Med lobby is pushing for a law that will allow doctors to give minor children expensive new vaccines for sexually transmitted diseases – like Gardasil - without the informed consent of parents.[59]
Nobody Accountable for Vaccine Injuries & Deaths
But what happens if a vaccine given to a child without the parent’s consent ends up injuring or killing a child? Is anyone accountable?
No. Nobody is liable in a court of law to be tried before a jury of our peers when our children and grandchildren are injured or die after getting vaccinated – not the drug companies that made the vaccines; not the federal health officials, who licensed and recommend the vaccines; not the doctor or medical worker, who gave the vaccines; and not the state politician, who voted for vaccine mandates or looked the other way while state health officials added another new vaccine to the required list.
Nobody is held accountable or liable when a child is injured or killed by vaccines in America except the parent of that child, whose informed consent rights may have been violated by fellow citizens wielding power they should never have been given.
This is a health liberty revolution.
After 50 years of heavy prescription drug and vaccine use, Americans are waking up to the fact that they are not healthier, but are sicker than ever before. And they are asking a lot of questions.
More of us are wondering why doctors inside and outside of government are insisting that every child get 70 doses of 16 vaccines starting on the first day of life [60] and why that list includes expensive new vaccines for mild diseases, like chickenpox, and for diseases you can’t catch in a classroom, like hepatitis B.
More of us are asking why we have to get a flu shot every year [61] and why health care workers are losing their jobs if they don’t.[62]
More of us are looking at vaccine studies published in the medical literature, many of which are paid for by drug companies [63] or public health agencies promoting one-size-fits-all vaccine policies, only to discover that a lot of those studies are the best junk science that money can buy.
More of us are watching doctors paid by Pharma[64] [65] persuade journalists to demonize anyone asking questions about vaccination [66] so other people are afraid to speak up because they know they will be targeted for humiliation and persecution.
Why Are So Many of Our Highly Vaccinated Children So Sick?
But, mostly, we are asking why so many of our highly vaccinated children are so sick with no good explanation coming from the public health officials and doctors we have trusted with their health.
Today, 1 child in 6 in America is learning disabled;[67] 1 in 9 has asthma;[68] 1 in 10 is diagnosed with ADHD;[69] 1 in 110 develops autism;[70] [71] 1 in 450 becomes diabetic,[72] and millions more are suffering with severe allergies,[73] inflammatory bowel disorders,[74] crippling depression[75] and other kinds of brain and immune system dysfunction, while America’s infant mortality rate ranks among the worst of all developed nations: 6 out of 1,000 babies born live in America die before their first birthday.[76] [77]
New Vaccines Coming to Change Our DNA
Despite the reality that more vaccination does not equal better individual and public health, there are over 3,000 new vaccine clinical trials underway.[78] Pharma is creating genetically engineered vaccines, which will ramp up the manipulation of our immune systems[79] and even change our DNA,[80] [81] to prevent everything from tooth decay, [82] acne [83] and smoking[84] to high blood pressure,[85] herpes,[86] gonorrhea[87] and HIV/AIDS.[88]
It is time for all of us to stand up and end our participation in the failed Pharma-based health care paradigm so we can take back our health and our liberty.
If vaccines are safe and effective for everyone, then those, who choose to get vaccinated, should have nothing to fear from those, who choose not to get vaccinated. If vaccines are not safe and effective for everyone, then it is unethical to require anyone to get vaccinated without their voluntary, informed consent.
The human right to protect bodily integrity trumps any authority the state gives to some citizens to coerce other citizens into taking medical risks against their will. Because if the state can tag, track down and force individuals to be injected with biologicals of known and unknown toxicity today, then there will be no limit on which individual freedoms the state can take away in the name of the greater good tomorrow.
Please go to www.NVIC.org and volunteer to work in your state to defend vaccine exemptions. Empower yourself and stand up for liberty today.
It’s your health. Your family. Your choice.

References:
[1] VFA (Association of Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies) – Germany. Statistics: The Global Pharmaceutical Market. Apr. 14, 2010.[2] Weinberger J. America’s Top Selling Prescription Drugs. CNBC. May 23, 2011.[3] Rosenberg M. Current USA Population. About.com. July 21, 2011.[4] Liptak A. U.S. prison population dwarfs that of other nations. New York Times. Apr. 23, 2008.[5] IAC. State Immunization Mandates.[6] Miller NZ,, Goldman GS. Infant mortality rates regressed against number of vaccine doses routinely given: Is there a biological or synergistic toxicity?Human and Experimental Toxicology: Published online May 4, 2011.[7] Matthews AW. So Young and So Many Pills: More Than 25% of Kids and Teens in the U.S. Take Prescriptions on a Regular Basis. Wall Street Journal.Dec. 28, 2010. [8] CDC. Prescription Drug Use Continues to Increase: U.S. Prescription Drug Data for 2007-2008. NCHS Data Brief: Number 42. September 2010.[9] See Reference #1.[10] Van Arnum P. U.S. Prescription Drug Market Rebounds. Pharmaceutical Industry Sourcing and Management: Volume 6, Issue 4. PharmaTech.com. April 7, 2010.[11] Pickert K. The Unsustainable U.S. Health Care System. Time Magazine. Feb. 4, 2010.[12] See References #7 & 8.[13] CDC. Recommended Schedule for Immunization of Normal Infants & Children. 1983 (through 1986).[14] CDC. Recommended Immunization Schedule for Persons 0 through 6 Years. 2011[15] CDC. Recommended Immunization Schedule for Persons Aged 7 Through 18 Years. 2011.[16] CDC. Vaccine Price List – 1986.[17] CDC. Vaccine Price List – 2011.[18] Hamilton J. Rising costs complicate vaccine guidelines. NPR. July 20, 2011[19] Drug Discovery & Development. Vaccine Market A Refuge for Big Pharma. January 13, 2011.[20] Reuters. BCC Research Press Release: Global Market for Vaccines Worth $36.3 Billion by 2013. Technologies and Global Markets. Jan. 24, 2008[21] National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986(PL99-660).[22] Supreme Court of the United States. Russell Bruesewitz et al v. Wyeth et al. No. 09-152. Argued October 12, 2010 – Decided February 22, 2011[23] NVIC. Press Release: NVIC Cites “Betrayal” of Consumers by U.S. Supreme Court Giving Total Liability Shield to Big Pharma. Feb. 23, 2011.[24] HRSA. Vaccine Injury Compensation Program Statistics[25] C.S.Mott Children’s Hospital. National Poll on Children’s Health: Vaccine and Medication Safety Are Parents’ Top Research Priorities. University of Michigan Health Center. October 11, 2010.[26] Consumer Reports. Press Release: Two-Thirds of Americans Say Drug Makers Have Too Much Sway Over Doctors; Information About Safety and Side Effects Sorely Needed. Aug. 24, 2010.[27] Barnes PM, Bloom B. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Adults and Children: United States, 2007. National Health Statistics Reports 2008; No. 12. [28] Shalmali P. Complementary Medicine Popular with Healthcare Workers. MedPage Today. Aug. 19, 2011.[29] Dettman RL. Organic Produce: Who’s Eating It? A Demographic Profile of Organic Produce Consumers. Paper selected for presentation at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting July 27-28, 2008.[30] Organic Trade Association. Consumer survey finds 41% of parents buying more organic foods than a year ago: US families are buying a wider variety of organic products than ever. Organic Trade Association December 8, 2010.[31] Organic Consumers Association.[32] Institute for Responsible Technology. [33] Fluoride Action Network.[34] Consumers for Dental Choice.[35] Doheny K. Home Births Jump 20 Percent in 4 Years: U.S. Report. HealthDay News. May 20, 2011[36] Eisenberg DM, Davis RB. Trends in Alternative Medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997. JAMA 1998; 280(18): 1569-1575[37] See Reference #24[38] Crowe K. Many whooping cough victims have been immunized; Experts Spar Over Prospects of New Disease Strain. Watchdog Institute. Dec. 13, 2010.[39] Attkisson S. How Independent Are Vaccine Defenders? CBS-TV News. July 25, 2008.[40] Fisher BL. WA & NJ Families Stand Up for Vaccine Choices. NVIC Vaccine E-News. Mar. 23, 2011.[41] See Reference #5.[42] NVIC. Testimonials. Cry for Vaccine Freedom Wall.[43] Walker E. Should Doctors Fire Young Patients if Their Parents Refuse to Vaccinate Them? MedPage Today. Oct. 29, 2009.[44] Allen J. Doctors Refuse to See Unvaccinated Children. 7 News (ABC-Denver). Feb. 27, 2011[45] Caplan A. Time to mandate influenza vaccination in health-care workers. The Lancet July 23, 2011; 378(9788): 310-311.[46] Sapatkin D. Considering vaccine as public responsibility. Philadelphia Inquirer.. June 24, 2011.[47] Ropeik D. Refusing vaccination? Risky behavior puts others in danger. Morning Sentinel (Maine). Aug. 20, 2011. [48] CNN News. Vaccinations…or Jail: County’s Threat to Parents. Nov. 17, 2007.[49] Fisher BL. WA State Vaccine Law Threatens Exemptions & Threatens Privacy. Feb. 13, 2011. Also see Reference #40.[50] Kleifgen B. Informed Consent in Vaccination. Vaccine Ethics.org. July 2010.[51] See References #42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48.[52] Title 64. Interpretive Rule, Department of Health & Human Resources: Immunization Requirements & Recommendations for New School Enterers. West Virginia. March 21, 2011.[53] Appeal of N.C. on behalf of her daughter, V.C. from action of the New York City Department of Education regarding immunization. Decision No. 16, 172. November 30, 2010.[54] Salmon D. Mandatory Immunizations and the Role of Medical, Religious and Philosophical Exemptions. Unpublished Commentary. August 2002.[55] Knight A. Religious Exemption to North Carolina’s Childhood Immunization Requirements. University of North Carolina School Law Bulletin. Fall 2004.[56] Fisher BL. Doctors Denying Vaccine Risks: An American Tragedy. NVIC Vaccine E-News. April 21, 2011.[57] Health Advocacy in the Public Interest (HAPI). Under Attack in Colorado: Religious & Personal Exemptions to Mandatory Vaccinations. July 27, 2011.[58] AAP. State Government Affairs: State Legislation Report 2010. Childhood Immunization Challenges.[59] Gilbert K. California mulls giving 12-year olds STD vaccine Gardasil without parental consent. LifeSiteNews.com. Aug. 12, 2011.[60] See References #14 & 15.[61] Moyer CS. CDC stresses need for flu shot every year. American Medical News. June 14, 2011.[62] Fisher BL. Forcing Flu Shots on Health Care Workers: Who Is Next? NVIC Vaccine E-News. Sept. 29, 2011. Also see Reference #45.[63] Jefferson T. Relation of study quality, concordance, take home message, funding, and impact in studies of influenza vaccines: systematic review.BMJ 2009; 338:b354.[64] Kotz D. Flexible approach to vaccination comes under fire. U.S. News. Dec. 29, 2008.[65] Orange County Register. CORRECTION re: August 4, 2008 article “Dr. Paul Offit Responds.” April 18, 2011.[66] See Reference #56.[67] Boyle CA, Boulet S et al. Trends in the Prevalence of Developmental Disabilities in US Children 1997-2000. Pediatrics. Published online May 23, 2011[68] CDC. Asthma in the U.S.: Growing Every Year[69] Mozes A. Nearly 1 in 10 U.S. Kids Diagnosed with ADHD. HealthDay News. Aug. 18, 2011.[70] CDC. How Many Children Have Autism? (2006).[71] Ostrow N. Autism Leads Rise of Developmental Disabilities. Bloomberg News. May 23, 2011.[72] CDC. National Diabetes Fact Sheet - U.S. 2003.[73] Landau E. Why are food allergies on the rise? CNN. Aug. 3, 2010.[74] Vozella L. Inflammatory bowel disease in kids is on a mysterious rise. Herald Review. Sept. 21, 2010.[75] Carey B. Bi-polar disease cases rise sharply in U.S. children. New York Times. Sept. 3, 2007.[76] MacDorman MF, Mathews TJ. Behind International Rankings of Infant Mortality: How the U.S. Compares with Europe. NCHS. 2009.[77] See Reference #6.[78] NIH. Clinicaltrials.gov. Vaccine Clinical Trials. Accessed Aug. 23, 2011.[79] Petrovsky N. BioPharm International. New Age Adjuvants: Friend or Foe? Aug. 2, 2007.[80] DeYoung R. DNA Vaccines. Nvate.com. Aug. 18, 2011.[81] DNAVaccine.com. GeoVax Announces Expansion of Phase 2A Human HIV/AIDS Vaccine Trial. Dec. 6, 2010.[82] Stephens A. Could this vaccine end tooth decay? The Daily Mail (UK). Aug. 18, 2011.[83] Kim J. Acne Vaccines: Therapeutic Option for the Treatment of Acne vulgaris? Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2008; 128: 2353-2354.[84] Musgrove M. Nabi makes deal for smoking vaccine. Washington Post. Nov. 17, 2009.[85] Sample I. Vaccine could offer protection against high blood pressure. The Guardian. Mar. 7, 2008.[86] Valigra L. Genocea’s $35M VC round pushing herpes vaccine torward clinic. Masshightech.com. Jan. 5, 2011.[87] UroToday Promising Target Identified for Gonorrhea Vaccine. July 20, 2005.[88] Bowdler N. Monkey HIV vaccines ‘effective,’ say researchers. BBC News. May 11, 2011.
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